![](data:image/png;base64,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)
REPERT MED CIR. 2020;29(Núm. Supl.1):127-130
ABSTRACT
Introduction: since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in China, on December
2019, the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) disease has been spreading worldwide. This disease is caused by a novel coronavirus,
the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Objective: to describe the positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 testing.
Methodology: this research focused in PCR processing for COVID-19, using the information collected by the National Institute
of Health, over the period between March 6 and October 31 2020. Results: we evidenced that the day in which the greatest
number of samples were taken was 24-07-2020, with 41.550, followed by 40.034 samples taken on 23-07-2020, and 39.228
on 22-07-2020. The highest number of tests returning a positive result was reported on 21-07-2020 with 12.160, followed
by 11.983 on 23-07-2020, and 11.879 on 29-07-2020. Likewise, the highest positive rate of 0.33 was evidenced on 19-07-
2020, followed by 0.32 on 09-08-2020 and 0.31 on 30-08-2020. Conclusion: we must continue on the active search to identify
infected people through conducting more PCR, and viral and molecular antigen tests, the latter oering a high level of
accuracy, at the healthcare facilities (EPSs), which accelerate timely reporting to people.
Key words: COVID-19, diagnostic tests, SARS-CoV-2, pandemic.
© 2020 Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - FUCS.
This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
A partir la aparición del brote del síndrome respiratorio
agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) en Wuhan, China,
en diciembre 20191, se ha ido propagando a nivel mundial,
la enfermedad del coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una
enfermedad causada por un nuevo coronavirus, el síndrome
respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
2
Los coronavirus son una causa del resfriado común, pero el
SARS-CoV-2, que seguramente proviene de los murciélagos,
causa una enfermedad más grave en muchos pacientes.
3
Los
síntomas más comunes contienen dolores musculares, fatiga,
náuseas, vómitos y diarrea. Las personas también pueden
tener pérdida o cambios en el sentido del gusto y el olfato.
4
Ahora, la prueba estándar de oro de la reacción en cadena de
la polimerasa (PCR) que se usa para diagnosticar COVID-19
requiere un proceso de laboratorio que a veces toma días,
no minutos, para conseguir resultados debido a retrasos y
escasez de suministros. Por lo tanto, un individuo podría
ser negativo cuando se realiza la prueba, pero positivo en el
momento en que se devuelve el resultado.
5
La reacción cualitativa en cadena de la polimerasa en
tiempo real de las secreciones nasofaríngeas es el criterio
estándar para identicar los virus respiratorios, incluso
el síndrome respiratorio agudo severo coronavirus 2
(SARS-CoV-2).
6
Sin embargo, se han esbozado grandes
preocupaciones con respecto a las tasas de resultados falsos
negativos en los lugares de prueba de la comunidad.
7
Las muestras de pacientes con sospecha de enfermedad
por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) se someten a pruebas en
tiempo real de la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa con
transcriptasa inversa (RT-PCR) para la localización cualitativa
del ARN del coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) del síndrome
respiratorio agudo severo. La alta demanda de pruebas
de RT-PCR para el SARS-CoV-2 durante la pandemia de
INTRODUCCIÓN
COVID-19 ha inducido escasez local, lo que ha llevado a los
investigadores a meditar estrategias de pruebas en grupo.
8
Es
factible que algunas personas que sobreviven al COVID-19
tengan complicaciones signicativas a largo plazo, incluidos
trastornos respiratorios, cardíacos y de salud mental, y
pueden tener un mayor riesgo de muerte prematura. Los
datos de los sobrevivientes de COVID-19 apuntan que el
menoscabo a largo plazo ocurre en aproximadamente un
tercio de los sobrevivientes con enfermedad grave o crítica.
9
No todas las personas que dan positivo al SARS-CoV-2 son
infecciosas; quizás el 20% de las personas que dan positivo
en la prueba tienen una infección lo sucientemente
avanzada como para que las probabilidades de transmisión
sean bajas.
10
Además, aproximadamente el 25% de las
personas que dan positivo probablemente no se pondrán en
cuarentena.
11
METODOLOGÍA
El trabajo de investigación se realizó mediante un enfoque
cuantitativo; la investigación cuantitativa es aquella
en la que se acumulan y examinan datos cuantitativos
sobre variables y estudia las propiedades y fenómenos
cuantitativos. Según Hurtado y Toro (1998) citado por
Díaz
12
.
128
POBLACIÓN
Esta investigación se centró en las muestras de PCR
procesadas para COVID-19, con la información proveniente
del Instituto Nacional de Salud
13
, en el periodo comprendido
entre el 6 de marzo a 31 de octubre 2020.