Radioterapia y 5-fluorouracilo-cisplatino en el tratamiento del cáncer de cuello uterino de alto riesgo

Radiotherapy and 5-fluorouracil-cisplatin treatment for high-risk uterine cervical cancer

Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de la combinación de radioterapia y 5-fluorouracilo-cisplatino en el tratamiento del cáncer de cuello uterino de alto riesgo. Materiales y métodos: estudio retrospectivo en el que se revisaron los datos de pacientes tratadas en el periodo enero 2009 a diciembre 2019 en el Hospital Central “Dr. Urquinaona”, Maracaibo, Venezuela. Se revisaron los registros clínicos de todas las pacientes sometidas a histerectomía radical y linfadenectomía pélvica bilateral que recibieron quimio-radioterapia concurrente adyuvante con 5-fluorouracilo-cisplatino (grupo de tratamiento) y se compararon con quienes no fueron manejadas con este régimen, las que no recibieron ningún tratamiento adyuvante o solo fueron tratadas con radioterapia (grupo control). Se evaluaron las características generales, efectos adversos del tratamiento, recurrencias de la enfermedad y supervivencia. Resultados: para el análisis final quedaron 164 pacientes, de las cuales 115 (70,1%) fueron del grupo de tratamiento y 49 (29,9%) del control. No se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en las características clínicas entre ambos grupos (p = ns); sí las hubo en la frecuencia de recurrencias a distancia (p = 0,0056). La supervivencia libre de progresión y la global de ambos grupos no mostraron diferencias significativas (p = 0,2678 y p = 0,3452). Conclusión: no existen beneficios evidentes del uso de 5-fluorouracilo-cisplatino desde el punto de vista de progresión o supervivencia general, en pacientes con carcinoma cuello uterino de alto riesgo.

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