Características del ciberacoso y psicopatología de las víctimas

Characteristics of cyberbullying and psychopathology of victims

El ciberacoso es una nueva forma de intimidación y acoso diferente a las formas tradicionales, que ha demostrado efectos sobre la aparición de psicopatologías. Las experiencias previas o actuales de acoso tradicional se asocian con la aparición de conductas que pueden llevar a la aparición de víctimas y/o agresores por internet o por diferentes medios electrónicos de comunicación, ya que parece haber mayor facilidad para que se produzca el proceso de intimidación y que luego de un tiempo las víctimas se conviertan en agresores, lo que es más común que en el acoso tradicional. Las víctimas y los agresores tienen problemas emocionales, psicosomáticos, dificultades sociales y académicas. La psicopatología que se produce incluye estrés emocional, ansiedad social, consumo de sustancias psico-activas y se relaciona con la aparición de tendencias suicidas. Se deben realizar estudios para evaluar los diferentes factores que pueden favorecer el ciberacoso tanto en grupos de niños y adolescentes como en adultos, en un intento por evitar o limitar los efectos, ya que no existe consenso claro en la literatura sobre cómo prevenir o gestionar los efectos del ciberacoso en las victimas. El objetivo de esta revisión fue evaluar las posibles asociaciones entre las características del ciberacoso y la psicopatología de las víctimas.

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