Sobrevida del paciente y del injerto renal: Receptores de Trasplante Renal en el Hospital de San José de 1996 a 2004
Survival of the patient and renal graft: Renal Transplant Receptors at the San José Hospital from 1996 to 2004
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Es un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes con falla renal terminal sometidos a trasplante renal en el Hospital de San José entre 1996 y 2004. Se analizaron las características clínicas y quirúrgicas y su relación con la sobrevida de los receptores y del injerto a cinco años, usando los métodos univariado, bivariado, de frecuencia y una curva de probabilidad de sobrevida. 110 pacientes recibieron un trasplante renal en el hospital durante este lapso y se obtuvo información de 102 de ellos. El promedio de edad fue 35.53 años con desviación estándar (DE) de 13.25 años, la distribución por género fue 53,9% de hombres y 46.1% mujeres. El tipo de donante fue vivo 13,7% y cadavérico 86,3%. Hubo una tasa de sobrevida de los receptores a cinco años del 86,28% (88 pacientes) y el 92,85% de las muertes ocurrieron en los dos primeros meses. La tasa de sobrevida del injerto a cinco años fue del 70% según los datos analizados en 85 pacientes. Consideramos que el retardo de la función del injerto, el rechazo agudo y la influencia del cambio en los esquemas inmunosupresores debe analizarse puntualmente. Además, se puede desarrollar un sistema de pareamiento de los injertos según la masa metabólica del paciente, la edad y la función previa entre donadores y receptores, para evaluar su influencia en la función del injerto. Abreviaturas: DE, desviación estándar; TVP, trombosis venosa profunda.
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