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Epilepsia y embarazo

Epilepsy and pregnancy



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Guía de práctica neurológica

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Palacio, E., & Cárdenas, K. (2015). Epilepsia y embarazo. Revista Repertorio De Medicina Y Cirugía, 24(4), 243-253. https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.v24.n4.2015.594

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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual 4.0.

Eduardo Palacio
    Karen Cárdenas

      La epilepsia es la entidad neurológica que con mayor frecuencia requiere tratamiento continuo durante la gestación. Se revisan las posibles complicaciones en la madre, en que forma puede afectarse el feto y la probabilidad teratogénica de los anticonvulsivantes. Es importante programar el embarazo para elegir el medicamento adecuado siendo la época libre de crisis la más conveniente. El médico debe buscar ante todo controlar las crisis durante el embarazo y buscar que el fármaco sea el menos teratogénico, pues casi todos los anticonvulsivantes tienen efectos nocivos para el feto. El ácido valproico continúa siendo el de mayor riesgo para producir malformaciones congénitas y trastornos cognitivos detectables en la niñez. Otros medicamentos como levetiracetam, lamotrigina, carbamazepina o fenitoina han demostrado ser menos tóxicos. Debe evitarse la politerapia y administrar ácido fólico para favorecer la normalidad del embarazo y su producto.


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