Manejo del paciente pretérmino con ductus arterioso persistente

Management of the preterm patient with persistent ductus arteriosus

El ductus arterioso persistente se considera la cardiopatía más frecuente en neonatos de peso inferior a 1.500 g y con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria. Incrementan la morbilidad los aumentos en la incidencia de displasia broncopulmonar, retinopatía de la prematuridad, enterocolitis necrotizante, colestasis por aumento en el tiempo de nutrición parenteral, osteopenia y desnutrición. Como el manejo presenta mucha controversia, se realiza esta revisión de la literatura de las bases de datos LILACS, EMBASE, PUBMED, MDCONSULT, COCHRANE, SCOPUS, clinicaltrials.gov y buscadores de internet. Se analizan la definición, identificación, diagnóstico y manejo, actualizando el tema con el fin de responder interrogantes de la práctica diaria y plantear estrategias para el inicio de estudios que puedan ser de utilidad en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal. Abreviaturas: DAP, ductus arterioso persistente; RN, recién nacido (s); ECN, enterocolitis necrotizante; NP, nutrición parenteral.

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