Ergonomía en instrumentación quirúrgica

Ergonomics in surgical instrumentation

Se describe la ergonomía de los profesionales de instrumentación quirúrgica en salas de cirugía, debido a la escasa información existente. La revisión bibliográfica se basó en los datos obtenidos con las palabras clave y operadores booleanos. Se encontraron 51 referencias, 39 de los últimos diez años. La literatura reconoce el riesgo laboral ergonómico de los instrumentadores y señala algunos elementos de la sala operatoria como posibles factores de riesgo. La actividad asistencia en cirugía es cuando más se generan posturas nocivas, asociando algunas especialidades quirúrgicas con el estrés postural y en especial en las laparoscópicas. Se identifican los síntomas músculo esqueléticos más frecuentes en el desempeño laboral así como sus posibles causas, haciendo las recomendaciones preventivas apropiadas para mejorar la ergonomía de estos profesionales en salas de cirugía. Abreviaturas: IQ, instrumentación quirúrgica, instrumentador (a) quirúrgico (a); RL, riesgos laborales.

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