Trastornos del comportamiento alimentario en pacientes de cirugía plástica estética ¿Es o no una población en riesgo?
Plastic surgery patients and eating disorders - Are they a population at risk?
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En la actualidad no se conoce la frecuencia de los trastornos de alimentación en pacientes de cirugía estética, pero se sospecha que sea mayor a la población general. Hay diferentes pruebas o cuestionarios para detectar aquellos en riesgo, siendo el examen mental el que comprueba presencia de psicopatología aplicando criterios DSM IV y CIE 10. La prevalencia de trastornos del comportamiento alimentario ha venido en aumento en la población adolescente y no está claro si es un hecho real o que se ha mejorado la capacidad para detectarlos. No se puede descartar que los estereotipos de belleza actuales hacia una figura corporal más delgada, estén jugando un papel clave en la epidemiología. El conocimiento de los factores de riesgo es de vital importancia para su detección temprana y la toma de medidas preventivas que aseguren mejores resultados terapéuticos. Así se podrían identificar los casos con problemas en el posoperatorio o que no son candidatos para procedimientos quirúrgicos. El tratamiento multidisciplinario es fundamental para corregir las alteraciones nutricionales y mentales en forma paralela.
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