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Se revisa la literatura sobre asfixia perinatal debido a que no existe un consenso sobre su definición. La fisiopatológica actual no es operativa en la clínica, en donde se han barajado distintos criterios, como son: alteraciones de la frecuencia cardíaca fetal, presencia de líquido amniótico meconial, acidosis metabólica, bajas puntuaciones del Apgar y signos clínicos de lesión cerebral posasfictica. Se analiza y se adopta la descrita por la Asociación Americana de Ginecología y Obstetricia (ACOG) y su par de pediatría (AAP). Así mismo se revisan las complicaciones posasficticas en los recién nacidos y se discute la pertinencia del manejo, teniendo en cuenta la alta incidencia en países en vías de desarrollo y las nuevas terapéuticas que conducen a mitigar los daños que genera.
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