Leptin, obesity and cardiovascular diseases

Leptina, obesidad y enfermedades cardiovasculares

Obesity is associated with metabolic syndrome, hypertension, atherosclerosis and heart disease. Adipose tissue functions as an endocrine organ by secreting multiple immune-modulatory proteins known as adipokines, that can directly act on nearby or remote organs. Research on the various functions of adipokines has shed light on the relationship between obesity and cardiovascular diseases. Obesity leads to increased expression of some pro-inflammatory adipokines and diminished expression of other anti-inflammatory adipokines, resulting in the development of a chronic low-grade inflammatory state. Some adipokines decrease their expression in obese individuals. However, obese subjects have elevated leptin levels which promote obesity-related complications. Clinical and experimental studies indicate that leptin contributes to the development of ischemic heart disease and exerts pernicious actions on obesity-linked cardiovascular diseases.

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