Asociation between abo blood groups and covid-19 complications: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Asociación del grupo sanguíneo ABO con complicaciones en covid-19 : revisión sistemática y meta-análisis.

Introduction: ABO blood groups have been used as outcome predictor in different diseases; granting a protective factor for individuals with O blood group and a risk factor the ones with A blood group. During the SARS CoV-1 outbreak, was proposed the existence of a possible relationship between the risk of infection and the type of ABO group; it is expected that in COVID-19 pandemic could exist the same situation among determined outcomes and ABO groups. The aim is to determine the association among different blood groups and mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) requirement, and orotracheal intubation in COVID-19 infected population.  Material and Methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed between January 2020 and March 2021, from MEDLINE, EMBASE, SCOPUS, Latindex and LILACS databases; that included the mentioned outcomes in COVID 19 population. Results: 16 studies were included in which mainly were retrospective and multicentric. Patients with A blood group have an increased risk of mortality compared with the rest of the groups (OR 1.08 CI95% 1.01-0.17); for intensive care unit (ICU) requirement it did not showed statistically significant difference between groups. Finally it was observed that AB blood group represents a risk factor for orotracheal intubation outcome (OR 1.42 CI95% 1.02-1.96), meanwhile group A demonstrated protection against it (OR 0.84 CI95% 0.73-0.97). Conclusions: it is prove the relationship between blood groups and outcomes related to SARS CoV-2 infection. There are needed prospective studies that evaluate blood group, Rh, and specific outcomes.

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