Characterization of pediatric patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate in a regional hospital in southern Colombia

Caracterización de la población pediátrica con labio y/o paladar hendido en un hospital regional del sur colombiano

Published 2025-02-25

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Vol. 34 No. 1 (2025): Enero-Abril
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Research Article
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Gutierrez Vargas, M. C., & Ostos Alfonso, H. (2025). Characterization of pediatric patients with cleft lip and/or cleft palate in a regional hospital in southern Colombia. Journal of Medicine and Surgery Repertoire, 34(1), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1522
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https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1522
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Maria Camila Gutierrez Vargas
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Henry Ostos Alfonso
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Introduction: cleft lip (CL), and cleft palate (CP) or combined cleft lip and palate (CLP) are a group of congenital anomalies caused by the failure of fusion of embryonic tissues. Objective: to characterize the pediatric population with cleft lip and/or palate. Materials and methods: a retrospective cross-sectional observational descriptive study conducted during 2022 in a regional hospital. Results: 42 patients were included, predominantly females, the majority were non-syndromic, two died due to other congenital malformations and molecular detections such as the NOTCH1 variant and Xq26.32 and 4q32.3-q34.3 microdeletions were identified in three patients. The diagnosis was postnatal (95%). Unilateral CLP of the left side was the most common cleft type. Gender distribution showed that CLPs occurs more frequently in males, CPs in females, while CL occurs in both genders in equal numbers. Risk factors identified were alcohol intake (2%), pesticide exposure (12%) and family history of orofacial clefts (13%). The mean age at first surgical repair was 18 months, cheiloplasty (24%) being the main procedure performed, requiring an average of 2 surgical interventions, with complications in 33%. Discussion: most cases were non-syndromic, which correlates with the epigenetic component of this entity, the frequency of the type of lesions and their gender distribution differs from the existing epidemiology reports. Conclusion: prenatal testing for these conditions and optimizing the age at first surgical repair, are recommended.  

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