Utility of rearrangement detection tools for identifying clonality alterations in lymphoma associated with Sjögren Syndrome

Utilidad de las herramientas de detección de reordenamientos para identificar alteraciones en la clonalidad, a propósito del linfoma asociado con Síndrome de Sjögren

Published 2025-05-15

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Vol. 34 No. 2 (2025): mayo - agosto
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Research Article
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Castañeda González, J. P., Rivadeneira Chamorro, C. S. ., Lamos Duarte, A. F. ., Parra Medina, R. ., Rodríguez Vargas, G. S. ., Cajamarca Baron, J. ., & Rojas Villarraga, A. . (2025). Utility of rearrangement detection tools for identifying clonality alterations in lymphoma associated with Sjögren Syndrome. Journal of Medicine and Surgery Repertoire, 34(2), 153-161. https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1583
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https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1583
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Juan Pablo Castañeda González
Foundation University of Health Sciences image/svg+xml
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Carlos Santiago Rivadeneira Chamorro
Foundation University of Health Sciences image/svg+xml
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Andrés Felipe Lamos Duarte
Foundation University of Health Sciences image/svg+xml
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Rafael Parra Medina
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Gabriel Santiago Rodríguez Vargas
Biomab IPS
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Jairo Cajamarca Baron
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Adriana Rojas Villarraga
Foundation University of Health Sciences image/svg+xml
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Juan Pablo Castañeda González,

Médico servicio Social Obligatorio. División de Investigaciones

Carlos Santiago Rivadeneira Chamorro,

Reumatología

Andrés Felipe Lamos Duarte,

Reumatología

Rafael Parra Medina,

Patólogo. Docente Investigador

Gabriel Santiago Rodríguez Vargas,

Médico General. Investigador Asociado

Jairo Cajamarca Baron,

Médico Reumatólogo. Profesor Asistente

Adriana Rojas Villarraga,

Profesor Titular

Introduction: Sjögren syndrome (SS) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by aberrant lymphocyte activation, risk of hematolymphoid neoplasms and association with lymphomas, such as diffuse B-cell and marginal zone lymphomas. To determine lymphoid clonality under standardized protocols such as the BIOMED-2 technique, is very useful. Objective:  to review the implementation of the BIOMED-2 technique for determining lymphoid clonality in minor salivary gland biopsy (MSGB) in SS patients. Materials and methods: search and narrative review of the literature between 2010 and 2023 through PubMed, ScienceDirect, Bevesalud, Scielo and LILACs databases. Articles searched with the Medical Subject Headings thesauri: “Sjögren syndrome”, “Clonality”, “MALT lymphoma”, “BIOMED-2” were included. Results and discussion: The PCR-based protocols, especially the BIOMED-2 method (EuroClonality), are useful for diagnosing lymphoma. Some studies agree on the usefulness of the BIOMED-2 protocol for diagnosing lymphomas in SS. Conclusions: the BIOMED-2 protocol, which is successful for hematologic lymphomas diagnosis, features limitations in rheumatology. Previous treatments, such as anti-CD20 therapy, can generate false negatives, making it difficult to detect clonality and genetic translocations. Clonality analysis in SS patients suggests that monoclonal B cells may spread in abnormal microenvironments beyond the initial glandular tissue.

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