Effects of maternal obesity on perinatal and early childhood outcomes

Efectos de la obesidad materna en los resultados perinatales y de la primera infancia

Published 2025-10-01

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Lache González, E. M. ., Góngora González, J. A., López Castilla, R. E., Díaz Rodríguez, C. P., Poveda Castillo, D. A., Montañez Aldana, M. Ángel, & Salamanca Velandia, C. T. . (2025). Effects of maternal obesity on perinatal and early childhood outcomes. Journal of Medicine and Surgery Repertoire. https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1721
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Eliana Matilde Lache González
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1164-3081
José Antonio Góngora González
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3026-3763
Ray Enrique López Castilla
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0009-9027-2475
Claudia Patricia Díaz Rodríguez
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3416-9093
Derly Alexandra Poveda Castillo
Pedagogical and Technological University of Colombia image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8658-3492
Miguel Ángel Montañez Aldana
Hospital San Rafael de Tunja
Roles:  
Claudia Tatiana Salamanca Velandia
Hospital San Rafael de Tunja
Roles:  
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Eliana Matilde Lache González,

Residente de Especialización en Medicina Familiar, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC). Tunja.

Miguel Ángel Montañez Aldana,

Docente de Posgrado de Medicina Familiar, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia, (UPTC).

Claudia Tatiana Salamanca Velandia,

Docente de Posgrado de Medicina Familia, Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC).

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Introduction: the increasing global, prevalence of maternal overweight and obesity poses a significant challenge for its management during pregnancy and delivery. Objective: to identify the effects of maternal obesity on perinatal and early childhood outcomes. Methodology: a systematic literature review and article search was conducted between August 29 and September 12, 2024, by one of the researchers involved in the project. Results and discussion: 10 articles meeting the selection criteria were found. All included pregnant women, evaluating their outcomes at delivery, finding that preeclampsia, cesarean delivery, fetal macrosomia, and postpartum hemorrhage rates were significantly higher in the obese group compared to the normal body mass index (BMI) group. Additionally, one study identified that pregnant women were at higher risk of developing periodontitis, an important finding in terms of prevention. Conclusions: obesity results from an excessive caloric intake that exceeds expenditure with profound implications for both maternal and fetal health, increasing maternal- fetal morbidity and mortality. Thus, establishing prenatal care strategies and public health awareness campaigns targeted at the general population, is paramount for preventing complications by maternal weight control.  

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