Autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to hot antibodies secondary to hyperthyroidism. Review of the literatura
Anemia hemolítica autoinmune por anticuerpos calientes secundaria a hipertiroidismo. Revisión de la literuatura
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Rojas, W., González, A., Pérez, C., Guerrero, A. P., Jaramillo, G., & Jaramillo, M. A. (2018). Autoimmune hemolytic anemia due to hot antibodies secondary to hyperthyroidism. Review of the literatura. Journal of Medicine and Surgery Repertoire, 27(2). https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.v27.n2.2018.183
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Abstract
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) results from the formation of autoantibodies against red blood cells reducing their lifetime. Etiology of AIHA may be idiopathic, drug-induced or secondary to other autoimmune disorders. The pathophysiology of AIHA secondary to thyroid diseases remains unclear. Most patients have hyperthyroidism at the time of diagnosis of AIHA. We present a case of idiopathic AIHA with multiple exacerbations, who was admitted with symptoms suggestive of thyrotoxicosis or thyroid storm and was treated with methimazole, propranolol, corticoids and cholestyramine. We concluded the patient developed an AIHA secondary to hyperthyroidism, thus it is important to assess the secondary causes and conduct a close follow-up due to the autoimmune component of his disease.
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References
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10. O’Brien D, Lyons DJ, Fielding JF. A case of Graves’ disease associated with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Irish journal of medical science. 1989;158(6):155.
11. Yashiro M, Nagoshi H, Kasuga Y, Isobe H, Kitajima S, Nakagawa T, et al. Evans' syndrome associated with Graves' disease. Internal medicine. 1996;35(12):987-90.
12. El-Shirbiny AM, Stavrou SS, Dnistrian A, Sonenberg M. Jod-Basedow syndrome following oral iodine and radioiodinated-antibody administration. The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 1997;38(11):1816-7.
13. Kuroda H, Kida M, Watanabe H, Matsunaga T, Niitsu Y, Matsumoto M. Basedow disease associated with Evans syndrome. [Rinsho ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology. 2005;46(10):1118-22.
14. Arpin MP, Alt M, Kheiralla JC, Chabrier G, Welsch M, Imbs JL, et al. Hyperthyroidism and immune hemolytic anemia following amiodarone therapy. La Revue de medecine interne. 1991;12(4):309-11.
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17. Satoh T, Isozaki O, Suzuki A, Wakino S, Iburi T, Tsuboi K, et al. 2016 Guidelines for the management of thyroid storm from The Japan Thyroid Association and Japan Endocrine Society. Endocrine journal. 2016;63(12):1025-64.
18. Branehög I, Olsson KS, Weinfeld A, Domellöf L. Association of hyperthyroidism with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic anaemia. Journal of Internal Medicine. 1979;205(1‐6):125-31.
19. Geissler D, Ogriseg M, Fill H, Wolf H. Plasmapheresis treatment in 3 simultaneously occurring autoimmune diseases: Hashimoto thyroiditis with hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thrombopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 1987;99(10):351-5.
20. Bianco AC, Nunes MT, Hell NS, Maciel RM. The role of glucocorticoids in the stress-induced reduction of extrathyroidal 3, 5, 3′-triiodothyronine generation in rats. Endocrinology. 1987;120(3):1033-8.
2. Gehrs BC, Friedberg RC. Autoimmune hemolytic anemia. American journal of hematology. 2002;69(4):258-71.
3. Ogihara T, Katoh H, Yoshitake H, Iyori S, Saito I. Hyperthyroidism Associated with Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Periodic Paralysis: A report of a case in which antihyperthroid therapy alone was effective against hemolysis. Japanese Journal of Medicine. 1987;26(3):401-3.
4. Ushiki T, Masuko M, Nikkuni K, Terukina-Yoshida J, Momotsu-Nanba A, Morikawa H, et al. Successful remission of Evans syndrome associated with Graves' disease by using propylthiouracil monotherapy. Internal Medicine. 2011;50(6):621-5.
5. Valent P, Lechner K. Diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune haemolytic anaemias in adults: a clinical review. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 2008;120(5-6):136-51.
6. Ford HC, Carter JM. The haematology of hyperthyroidism: abnormalities of erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes and haemostasis. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 1988;64(756):735-42.
7. Orwoll ES, Orwoll RL. Hematologic abnormalities in patients with endocrine and metabolic disorders. Hematology/oncology clinics of North America. 1987;1(2):261-79.
8. Chiang E, Packer CD. Concurrent reactive arthritis, Graves' disease, and warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia: a case report. Cases journal. 2009;2(1):6988.
9. Chee YC, Gill DS, Poh SC. Hyperthyroidism and autoimmune hemolytic anemia--a case report. The Medical journal of Malaysia. 1978;33(2):154-5.
10. O’Brien D, Lyons DJ, Fielding JF. A case of Graves’ disease associated with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia. Irish journal of medical science. 1989;158(6):155.
11. Yashiro M, Nagoshi H, Kasuga Y, Isobe H, Kitajima S, Nakagawa T, et al. Evans' syndrome associated with Graves' disease. Internal medicine. 1996;35(12):987-90.
12. El-Shirbiny AM, Stavrou SS, Dnistrian A, Sonenberg M. Jod-Basedow syndrome following oral iodine and radioiodinated-antibody administration. The Journal of Nuclear Medicine. 1997;38(11):1816-7.
13. Kuroda H, Kida M, Watanabe H, Matsunaga T, Niitsu Y, Matsumoto M. Basedow disease associated with Evans syndrome. [Rinsho ketsueki] The Japanese journal of clinical hematology. 2005;46(10):1118-22.
14. Arpin MP, Alt M, Kheiralla JC, Chabrier G, Welsch M, Imbs JL, et al. Hyperthyroidism and immune hemolytic anemia following amiodarone therapy. La Revue de medecine interne. 1991;12(4):309-11.
15. Naji P, Kumar G, Dewani S, Diedrich WA, Gupta A. Graves’ disease causing pancytopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia at different time intervals: a case report and a review of the literature. Case reports in medicine. 2013;2013.
16. Isozaki O, Satoh T, Wakino S, Suzuki A, Iburi T, Tsuboi K, et al. Treatment and management of thyroid storm: analysis of the nationwide surveys. Clinical endocrinology. 2016;84(6):912-8.
17. Satoh T, Isozaki O, Suzuki A, Wakino S, Iburi T, Tsuboi K, et al. 2016 Guidelines for the management of thyroid storm from The Japan Thyroid Association and Japan Endocrine Society. Endocrine journal. 2016;63(12):1025-64.
18. Branehög I, Olsson KS, Weinfeld A, Domellöf L. Association of hyperthyroidism with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and haemolytic anaemia. Journal of Internal Medicine. 1979;205(1‐6):125-31.
19. Geissler D, Ogriseg M, Fill H, Wolf H. Plasmapheresis treatment in 3 simultaneously occurring autoimmune diseases: Hashimoto thyroiditis with hyperthyroidism, autoimmune thrombopenia and autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Wiener klinische Wochenschrift. 1987;99(10):351-5.
20. Bianco AC, Nunes MT, Hell NS, Maciel RM. The role of glucocorticoids in the stress-induced reduction of extrathyroidal 3, 5, 3′-triiodothyronine generation in rats. Endocrinology. 1987;120(3):1033-8.