Cellulitis and erysipelas
Celulitis y erisipela
Article Sidebar
PDF (Español (España))
FLIP
How to Cite
Olmos Olmos, E., & Bonilla González, D. A. (2008). Cellulitis and erysipelas. Journal of Medicine and Surgery Repertoire, 17(3), 167–175. Retrieved from https://revistas.fucsalud.edu.co/index.php/repertorio/article/view/509
Published:
Sep 1, 2008
Section
Research Article
License terms
Main Article Content
Abstract
Among soft tissue infections cellulitis and erysipelas are especially important because they are frequent causes of skin and subcutaneous tissue infections that are characterized by edema, erythema and skin pain that is affected, of acute onset and that are usually associated with with systemic symptoms such as fever, chills or discomfort. They are mostly caused by gram-positive bacteria such as group A Streptococcus or Staphylococcus aureus. In immunocompetent patients most of the time the treatment is successful, but in some cases there are complications or recurrences that require different management. There is not enough evidence to firmly recommend one antibiotic scheme over another, nor parenteral over oral route. The identification and control of predisposing factors decreases the recurrence rate. Some exposures or locations are related to atypical germs that must be covered in those cases. Patients who have two or more cases of cellulitis or erysipelas in the same anatomical site in a year could benefit from prophylactic antibiotic treatment.
Keywords:
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Article Details
References
1. Olmos E, Bonilla CE. Infección por Streptococcus y Staphylococcus en dermatología. En Olmos E: Texto de dermatología 25 años Hospital de San José. Bogotá: Sociedad de Cirugía de Bogotá; 2007, p. 187-203.
2. Camilleri MJ, Daniel Su WP. Panniculitis. En: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolf K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz S: Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine, 6th ed; 2003. p.1275-8.
3. Swartz MN, Pastemack MS. Skin and soft tissue infections. En Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R: Principles and practice of infectious disease. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2005, p.1172-84.
4. Stevens DL. Cellulitis, pyoderma, abscesses and other skin and subcutaneous infections. En: Cohen J, Powderly WG: Infectous diseases. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2004. p. 133-55.
5. Bonnetblanc JM, Bédane C. Erysipelas: recognition and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(3):157-63.
6. Swartz MN. Clinical practice. Cellulitis. N Engl J Med. 2004 Feb 26;350(9):904-12.
7. Gordon RJ, Lowy FD. Bacterial infections in drug users. N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 3;353(18):1945-54.
8. Dupuy A, Benchikhi H, Roujeau JC, Bernard P, Vaillant L, Chosidow O, Sassolas B, Guillaume JC, Grob JJ, Bastuji-Garin S. Risk factors for erysipelas of the leg (cellulitis): case-control study. BMJ. 1999 Jun 12;318(7198):1591-4.
9. Woo PC, Lum PN, Wong SS, Cheng VC, Yuen KY. Cellulitis complicating lymphoedema. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;19(4):294-7.
10. Vinh DC, Embil JM. Rapidly progressive soft tissue infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;5(8):501-13.
11. Lazzarini L, Conti E, Tositti G, de Lalla F. Erysipelas and cellulitis: clinical and microbiological spectrum in an Italian tertiary care hospital. J Infect. 2005 Dec;51(5):383-9.
12. Celestin R, Brown J, Kihiczak G, Schwartz RA. Erysipelas: a common potentially dangerous infection. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Panonica Adriat. 2007 S ep;16(3):123-7.
13. Bisno AL, Stevens DL. Streptococcal infections of skin and soft tissues. N Engl J Med. 1996 Jan 25;334(4):240-5.
14. Weedon D. Cutaneous infections and infestation-histoed. logical patterns. En: Weedon D: Skin pathology. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. p.613-5.
15. Weedon D. Bacterial and rickettsial infections. En: Weedon D: Skin pathology. 2nd. d. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. p. 617-47.
16. Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJ, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan EL, Montoya JG, Wade JC; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Nov 15;41(10):1373-406.
17. Parish LC, Jungkind DL. Systemic antimicrobial therapy for skin and skin structure infections: comparison of fleroxacin and ceftazidime. Am J Med. 1993 Mar 22 ;94(3A): 166S-173 S.
18. Hepburn MJ, Dooley DP, Skidmore PJ, Ellis MW, Starnes WF, Hasewinkle WC. Comparison of short-course (5 days) and standard (10 days) treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis. Arch Intem Med. 2004 Aug 9-23;164(15):1669-74.
19. Zeglaoui F, Dziri C, Mokhtar I, Ezzine N, Kharfi M, Zghal M, Fazaa B, Kamoun MR. Intramuscular bipenicillin vs. intravenous penicillin in the treatment of erysipelas in adults: randomized controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004 Jul;18(4):426-8.
20. Lipsky BA, BerendtAR, Deery HG, Embil JM, Joseph WS, Karchmer AW, LeFrock JL, Lew DP, Mader JT, Norden C, Tan JS; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Oct 1;39(7):885-910.
21. Xagena Medicina [página en Internet] Milano: Xagena; c2005. [citado 9 Jun 2008]. FDA approves Merrem for complicated skin and skin structure infections; [aprox. 1 pantalla]. Disponible en: http://www.xagenalt/news/medicinenews_netnews/c64e7fcbl7df2cd481732022aebb215a.html.
22. Bergkvist PI, Sjdbeck K. Antibiotic and prednisolone therapy of erysipelas: a randomized, double blind, placebocontrolled study. Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(4):377-82.
23. Sjóblom AC, Eriksson B, Jorup-Rünstróm C, Karkkonen K, Lindqvist M. Antibiotic prophylaxis in recurrent erysipelas. Infection. 1993 Nov-Dec ;21 (6):390-3 .
24. Kasserroller R. Sodium selenite as prophylaxis against erysipelas in secondary lymphedema. Anticancer Res. 1998 May-Jun; 18(3C):2227-30.
25. McNamara DR, Tleyjeh IM, Berbari EF, Lahr BD, Martinez J, Mirzoyev SA, Baddour LM. A predictive model of recurrent lower extremity cellulitis in a population-based cohort. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Apr 9;167(7):709-15.
26. NLN Medical Advisory Committee. Position statement of the National Lymphedema Network [monografía en Internet]. Oakland: National Lymphedema Network; 2005. [actualizado 8 Oct 2006; citado 9 Jun 2008]. Disponible en:http://www.lymphnet.org/pdfDocs/nIntreatment.pdf.
27. Krasagakis K, Samonis G, Maniatakis P, Georgala S, Tosca A. Bullous erysipelas: clinical presentation, staphylococcal involvement and methicillin resistance. Dermatology. 2006;212(1):31-5.
2. Camilleri MJ, Daniel Su WP. Panniculitis. En: Freedberg IM, Eisen AZ, Wolf K, Austen KF, Goldsmith LA, Katz S: Fitzpatrick's dermatology in general medicine, 6th ed; 2003. p.1275-8.
3. Swartz MN, Pastemack MS. Skin and soft tissue infections. En Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R: Principles and practice of infectious disease. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2005, p.1172-84.
4. Stevens DL. Cellulitis, pyoderma, abscesses and other skin and subcutaneous infections. En: Cohen J, Powderly WG: Infectous diseases. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Mosby Elsevier; 2004. p. 133-55.
5. Bonnetblanc JM, Bédane C. Erysipelas: recognition and management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2003;4(3):157-63.
6. Swartz MN. Clinical practice. Cellulitis. N Engl J Med. 2004 Feb 26;350(9):904-12.
7. Gordon RJ, Lowy FD. Bacterial infections in drug users. N Engl J Med. 2005 Nov 3;353(18):1945-54.
8. Dupuy A, Benchikhi H, Roujeau JC, Bernard P, Vaillant L, Chosidow O, Sassolas B, Guillaume JC, Grob JJ, Bastuji-Garin S. Risk factors for erysipelas of the leg (cellulitis): case-control study. BMJ. 1999 Jun 12;318(7198):1591-4.
9. Woo PC, Lum PN, Wong SS, Cheng VC, Yuen KY. Cellulitis complicating lymphoedema. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2000 Apr;19(4):294-7.
10. Vinh DC, Embil JM. Rapidly progressive soft tissue infections. Lancet Infect Dis. 2005 Aug;5(8):501-13.
11. Lazzarini L, Conti E, Tositti G, de Lalla F. Erysipelas and cellulitis: clinical and microbiological spectrum in an Italian tertiary care hospital. J Infect. 2005 Dec;51(5):383-9.
12. Celestin R, Brown J, Kihiczak G, Schwartz RA. Erysipelas: a common potentially dangerous infection. Acta Dermatovenerol Alp Panonica Adriat. 2007 S ep;16(3):123-7.
13. Bisno AL, Stevens DL. Streptococcal infections of skin and soft tissues. N Engl J Med. 1996 Jan 25;334(4):240-5.
14. Weedon D. Cutaneous infections and infestation-histoed. logical patterns. En: Weedon D: Skin pathology. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. p.613-5.
15. Weedon D. Bacterial and rickettsial infections. En: Weedon D: Skin pathology. 2nd. d. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone; 2002. p. 617-47.
16. Stevens DL, Bisno AL, Chambers HF, Everett ED, Dellinger P, Goldstein EJ, Gorbach SL, Hirschmann JV, Kaplan EL, Montoya JG, Wade JC; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of skin and soft-tissue infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2005 Nov 15;41(10):1373-406.
17. Parish LC, Jungkind DL. Systemic antimicrobial therapy for skin and skin structure infections: comparison of fleroxacin and ceftazidime. Am J Med. 1993 Mar 22 ;94(3A): 166S-173 S.
18. Hepburn MJ, Dooley DP, Skidmore PJ, Ellis MW, Starnes WF, Hasewinkle WC. Comparison of short-course (5 days) and standard (10 days) treatment for uncomplicated cellulitis. Arch Intem Med. 2004 Aug 9-23;164(15):1669-74.
19. Zeglaoui F, Dziri C, Mokhtar I, Ezzine N, Kharfi M, Zghal M, Fazaa B, Kamoun MR. Intramuscular bipenicillin vs. intravenous penicillin in the treatment of erysipelas in adults: randomized controlled study. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004 Jul;18(4):426-8.
20. Lipsky BA, BerendtAR, Deery HG, Embil JM, Joseph WS, Karchmer AW, LeFrock JL, Lew DP, Mader JT, Norden C, Tan JS; Infectious Diseases Society of America. Diagnosis and treatment of diabetic foot infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Oct 1;39(7):885-910.
21. Xagena Medicina [página en Internet] Milano: Xagena; c2005. [citado 9 Jun 2008]. FDA approves Merrem for complicated skin and skin structure infections; [aprox. 1 pantalla]. Disponible en: http://www.xagenalt/news/medicinenews_netnews/c64e7fcbl7df2cd481732022aebb215a.html.
22. Bergkvist PI, Sjdbeck K. Antibiotic and prednisolone therapy of erysipelas: a randomized, double blind, placebocontrolled study. Scand J Infect Dis. 1997;29(4):377-82.
23. Sjóblom AC, Eriksson B, Jorup-Rünstróm C, Karkkonen K, Lindqvist M. Antibiotic prophylaxis in recurrent erysipelas. Infection. 1993 Nov-Dec ;21 (6):390-3 .
24. Kasserroller R. Sodium selenite as prophylaxis against erysipelas in secondary lymphedema. Anticancer Res. 1998 May-Jun; 18(3C):2227-30.
25. McNamara DR, Tleyjeh IM, Berbari EF, Lahr BD, Martinez J, Mirzoyev SA, Baddour LM. A predictive model of recurrent lower extremity cellulitis in a population-based cohort. Arch Intern Med. 2007 Apr 9;167(7):709-15.
26. NLN Medical Advisory Committee. Position statement of the National Lymphedema Network [monografía en Internet]. Oakland: National Lymphedema Network; 2005. [actualizado 8 Oct 2006; citado 9 Jun 2008]. Disponible en:http://www.lymphnet.org/pdfDocs/nIntreatment.pdf.
27. Krasagakis K, Samonis G, Maniatakis P, Georgala S, Tosca A. Bullous erysipelas: clinical presentation, staphylococcal involvement and methicillin resistance. Dermatology. 2006;212(1):31-5.