Immediate complications of intrauterine growth restriction neonatal unit - Hospital de San José Bogotá DC.
Restricción del crecimiento intrauterino: complicaciones inmediatas unidad neonatal, Hospital de San José, Bogotá DC.
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Abstract
Objective: to describe the immediate (neonatal) complications of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), alongside with mortality rates, maternal factors and the initiation time of enteric feeding, in a two-year period. Methods: an observational descriptive trial was conducted including the newborn babies with IUGR hospitalized in the neonatal unit at Hospital de San José, Bogotá, DC, Colombia, between April 2009 and March 2011. Results: out of7,263 births 140 neonates were diagnosed with IUGR and were admitted to the neonatal unit, 81 were classified as symmetric IURG (57.8%) and 59 as asymmetric IUGR (42.2%). The most common complications were respiratory distress syndrome (50.7%),jaundice (48.5%) and hypoglycemia (17.8%). Five deaths were registered (3.5%) and six cases of necrotizing enterocolitis (4.2%) were identified. The most significant maternal factors associated with IUGR were a low socioeconomic status (56.4%) and poor nutrition (23.5%). Enteric support was most often initiated during the first 24 hours after birth (77.1 %), with no direct relation with the development of enterocolitis. Co clusio11s: it is extremely important to know the factors that can contribute to IUGR and subsequent complications. Maternal malnutrition and low socioeconomic status may play an important role in the development of IUGR. Adequate prenatal care may be the base for prevention in the future.
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