Factors associated with mortality in trauma patients admitted to the emergency service Factores que impactan en la mortalidad de los pacientes con trauma que ingresan al servicio de urgencias

Abstract

Introduction: traumatic injury is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Gaining knowledge on this topic is the basis for developing strategies to decrease mortality and complications, improving the quality of care and providing a timely response at the emergency services. Objective: to determine the factors associated with mortality in trauma patients admitted to the emergency service of San José and Infantil Universitario de San José hospitals between 2012 and 2018. Methods: a case and control study including 462 patients, 47 cases and 415 controls, collected in a clinical record review and analyzed using a logistic regression model. Results: we analyzed 462 trauma patients. Median age was 33 (IQR 25-50), and 70.78% (n= 327) were males. We observed the relationship between age OR 1.035 (CI 95% 1.002- 10.70), systolic blood pressure OR 0.96 (CI 95% 0.94-0.99) and Glasgow coma score OR 0.55 (CI 95% 0.45-0.67) with mortality. The most frequent cause was cranioencephalic trauma (74.47%) and traffic accidents (44.68%). Conclusions: this study determined there is an association between age, Glasgow coma score and systolic blood pressure with mortality as outcome in trauma patients.