Infección congénita por citomegalovirus

Congenital cytomegalovirus infection

Este artículo presenta el estado del arte de la infección congénita por citomegalovirus en recién nacidos, considerada de importante prevalencia en la población. Se documentan las características más relevantes y algunos aspectos relacionados con la inmunidad y la epigenética del virus para facilitar el entendimiento de la patogenia, el tratamiento y las secuelas. Con ello se proporcionan herramientas para la identificación de los factores de riesgo y de las principales manifestaciones clínicas tanto en la infección sintomática como en la asintomática, para que el clínico mejore el diagnóstico e incida en el pronóstico del curso de la infección. Se hace referencia a los lineamientos y recomendaciones actualizadas para la prevención, tratamiento y seguimiento de los pacientes en riesgo y con infección instaurada. Abreviaturas: CMV, citomegalovirus; RN, recién nacido (s); CM VH, citomegalovirus humano.

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