Enfoque terapéutico en anemia falciforme

Therapeutic approach to sickle cell anemia

Publicado 2025-05-30

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Soto Manzano, A. V. ., Córdoba García, S., Flórez Castaño, L. M., Uribe Ramírez, M., & Martínez Sánchez, L. M. (2025). Enfoque terapéutico en anemia falciforme. Revista Repertorio De Medicina Y Cirugía. https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1553
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https://doi.org/10.31260/RepertMedCir.01217372.1553
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Anggy Valentina Soto Manzano
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3386-6970

Santiago Córdoba García
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5576-6973

Luis Miguel Flórez Castaño
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1088-1334

Mateo Uribe Ramírez
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-8503

Lina María Martínez Sánchez
Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9555-0843

Mostrar biografía de los autores

Anggy Valentina Soto Manzano,

Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Escuela Ciencias de la salud, Facultad de Medicina.

Santiago Córdoba García,

Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Escuela Ciencias de la salud, Facultad de Medicina.

Luis Miguel Flórez Castaño,

Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Escuela Ciencias de la salud, Facultad de Medicina.

Mateo Uribe Ramírez,

Estudiante de Medicina, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Escuela Ciencias de la salud, Facultad de Medicina.

Lina María Martínez Sánchez,

Asesora Metodológica, Bacterióloga, Especialista en Hematología, Magister en Educación, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana.

Introducción: la anemia de células falciformes (ACF) es una hemoglobinopatía hereditaria que afecta a más de 20 millones de personas en el mundo. Se caracteriza por anemia hemolítica crónica y crisis vasooclusivas acompañadas de episodios dolorosos. El tratamiento convencional de esta patología incluye terapia de apoyo basada en el manejo de las infecciones y la fiebre, así como suplementos de folato. La terapia modificadora usa la hidroxiúrea, transfusiones sanguíneas y trasplante de células madre. En la actualidad se busca crear alternativas de tratamiento que aumenten el porcentaje de hemoglobina fetal o reducir la polimerización de la hemoglobina. Objetivo: identificar los aspectos básicos de la ACF enfocándose en el tratamiento convencional y las nuevas opciones terapéuticas que se están explorando. Materiales y métodos: se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, Google académico y Scopus de los términos DeCS “anemia de células falciformes” y “enfermedad de células falciformes”, recopilando la información más reciente de los últimos 10 años. Discusión y conclusiones: las nuevas técnicas en el manejo de la ACF han demostrado tener eficacia para impactar en la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El entendimiento acerca del tratamiento, su enfoque convencional y los nuevos métodos han permitido disminuir las complicaciones asociadas y mejorar expectativas de vida.

 

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