Sarcopenia versus Caquexia

Sarcopenia versus Cachexia

Las enfermedades crónicas y la edad se asocian con deterioro del estado nutricional, pérdida de masa, fuerza muscular, alteración en la calidad de vida y aumento en morbilidad y mortalidad. Se revisan la definición y los criterios para diferenciar caquexia de sarcopenia. Es importante investigar los factores asociados con pérdida de las reservas grasas y de tejido muscular en las dos situaciones, para desarrollar estrategias terapéuticas y preventivas en adultos sanos y con patologías. El consenso europeo (2010) sobre las alteraciones de la masa muscular determinó los criterios para diferenciar caquexia y sarcopenia. La primera se consideró complicación tardía e inevitable de distintas patologías crónicas. Recientes evidencias clínicas y experimentales indican que los mecanismos involucrados en su aparición operan en forma temprana y sugieren intervenciones adecuadas que podrían prevenir o demorar la aparición de este síndrome.

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