Protocolo para el síndrome de apnea hipopnea obstructiva del sueño en adultos. Recomendaciones actuales Protocolo para el síndrome de apnea hipopnea obstructiva del sueño en adultos. Recomendaciones actuales

Abstract

Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) refers to repetitive episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep, secondary to anatomical and/or functional alterations. It affects patientsı́ quality of life and cause important complications that may involve multiple systems and may even cause death.
Objectives: To establish a protocol including recommendations for diagnosis, treatment and care of OSAHS patients based on clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) appraised according to the AGREE II instrument.
Methodology: A review of the clinical practice guidelines on OSAHS in adults published in English and Spanish between 2000 and 2016 based on the AGREE II appraisal tool.
Results: A total of 65 CPGs were identified, we selected the guidelines meeting the established requisites obtaining 8 guidelines developed using the AGREE II instrument; of these, 7 showed rigor of development and independence domain scores of > 60%, which was the selection criteria for the formulation of recommendations.
Conclusions: Polysomnography is the main diagnostic tool for OSAHS. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is the preferred treatment of choice for it generates impact on reducing apnea episodes and improving clinical outcomes in patients causing few undesirable effects. Surgical procedures have specific indications and are rarely proposed as a sole treatment.