Comportamiento mitocondrial en enfermedades cardíacas
Mitochondrial behavior in cardiovascular diseases
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Introducción: las mitocondrias, cruciales para la producción de ATP, están vinculadas con enfermedades cardíacas que son las principales causas de muerte a nivel global. Objetivo: describir el comportamiento mitocondrial en enfermedades del corazón. Discusión: la disfunción mitocondrial varía en diferentes condiciones: en isquemia/reperfusión, se afecta la producción de ATP y se incrementa el estrés oxidativo; en insuficiencia cardíaca se reduce la eficiencia de la fosforilación oxidativa exacerbando la insuficiencia energética; en valvulopatías, los cambios en la homeostasis mitocondrial afectan la función valvular; y en arritmias la disfunción mitocondrial se asocia con desequilibrios iónicos y alteraciones en la señalización intracelular. Conclusión: las enfermedades cardíacas comparten similitudes en alteraciones bioenergéticas y moleculares, subrayando la importancia de comprender el papel de las mitocondrias en este contexto.
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